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感谢广西师范大学外国语学院组织的翻译工作 【英文】
The Poem In the Same Charm with the Moon-in-the-Water Cave (He Shui
Yue Dong Yun) by Jibei Chushi (a Recluse) in the Song Dynasty
The stone carving of the poem In the Same Charm with the Moon-in-the-Water
Cave by Jiebei Chushi (a recluse) in the Song Dynasty is located beside the “Reading
Cave” of the Elephant Trunk Hill, engraved with The Poem in the Same Charm with
the Moon-in-the-Water Cave by a poet who claimed himself as Jibei Chu Shi (a
recluse). Very little is known about the life of the author. He may be one of those
“Refugees fleeing to the South” in the Southern Song Dynasty. In ancient time, Jibei
was a county name, with the seat of the local government being in the present
northwest of Beijing, but it was also claimed to be in the area of Henan and Hebei
Provinces; Chu Shi generally referred to a non-official scholar who was artistically
accomplished but refused to be in office. Despite only 20 words in his poem, which
goes that, “At the bottom of the water, a bright moon; on the water, floating another
bright moon; the water flowing, the moon stationary; moving away, the moon,
constantly flowing, the water”.) The word “water” and the word “moon” are used four
times respectively. Movement and stillness coexist fantastically. Thus a charming
scene composed of the Moon-in-the-Water Cave, the Li River, and the Moon is
vividly conveyed by the words.
Guilin: the “Remote Place” in the Mind of the Ancient People
So far, the earliest written record of the place “Guilin” is found in Song Zhiwen’s
poem written in the 2nd year of the Jing Yun Period in the Tang Dynasty (711 C.E.),
one of the verse lines from which is “the landscape of Guilin is so amazing that its
autumn looks like the spring in Luoyang.” Due to the inconvenient transportation
and the remoteness of Guilin, those poets longing for Guilin but unable to pay a visit
to it, described the “remote place” in their mind in the form of poetry by means of
other people’s account.
Before he went to Guilin to assume his official posts as the prefect of Jingjiang
Prefecture and jinglue anfushi of the western district of Guangnan (the commissioner
in charge of military affairs and security), Fan Chengda was skeptical about such a
comfortable and pleasant place as Guilin described by Du Fu, a poet who had not
been to Guilin like him. In hiss poem, Du Fu claimed that, “The Five Ridges are
sweltering except for Guilin where the climate is pleasant. The plum blossom in
full bloom extends ten thousand li against the deep snow in winter.” He had been
impressed that, as had been said, Guilin was “a remote and miasmas- rampant area
inhabited by southern barbaric ethic tribes”, where “the chances of survival were
slim”. (In the preface of his works The Annals of Guihai Yuheng (In the local annals
which record the local geographical conditions and customs in Guilin), Fan Chengda
stated that, “All my relatives and friends worried about the heat and remoteness
there. I referred to the poems by poets in the Tang Dynasty to learn about Guilin,
only to find the descriptions as follows: Shaolin (Du Fu) claimed it a pleasant place;
Letian (Bai Juyi) claimed it a place free of miasmas; Tuizhi (Han Yu) claimed that a
visit to the rivers and mountains in Xiangnan area was superior to travelling around
the world on a divine bird. Is there any other travel by officials more comfortable
and pleasant than this?”) He didn’t give up this impression until he came to live in
Guilin and wrote “winter snow was rare beyond the ridges of Guilin, the people from
the south and the north were in winter clothes. What had been described in Old Du’
s poem proved to be reliable. Indeed, the plum blossom did swirl in the air with the
falling snowflakes.”
In addition to Fan Dacheng and Du Fu, other men of letters that had praised
Guilin in their works before they visited Guilin were as follows: Zhu Xi, the author of
the Tablet for the New Yu Lord’s Temple in Jingjiang Prefecture of the Song Dynasty;
Wang Changling’s “the plume blossom over the hill and dale paled the snow around;
when I returned home, the sweet-fragrance of osmanthus flowers still lingered
in my sleeves”; Mei Yaochen’s “the phoenix’s nest in the remote Guilin”; Li Pin’
s “living in Guilin, you can cook your meals by cutting the branches of osmanthus
trees as firewood every day. Why not cutting the tree in the east corner of the main
room and Let it grow so well instead?”; Xu Hun’s “heading towards the south of Gui
Prefecture, no one accompanied you but the meandering water between the rolling
hills”; Han Yu, Bai Juyi, and Zhang Ji, who had never been to Guilin, wrote parting
poems respectively when they saw Yan Mo off on his leaving for Guilin to assume
the post of Guan Cha Shi (an ancient supervisory commissioner). Han Yu wrote
“the river wanders like a green silk belt while the hills are as delicate and exquisite
as jade hairpins”; Bai Juyi wrote “Guilin was free of miasmas and the government
agencies were clear and incorruptible”; Zhang Ji wrote “after passing Xiangtan, thou
will be able to be feasted with the spectacular view of quiet and tasteful places.” The
poets of the Tang Dynasty and the Song Dynasty were so fascinated by the beautiful
landscape in the “remote” Guilin that it is remarked in the Lingui County Annals that
it is because of the poets of these two dynasties that made Guilin’s landscape widely
known in the world (“The landscape of Guilin is well known under the heaven,
which is attributed to the men of letters of the Tang and the Song Dynasties.”).
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